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Canada’s claim to the Northwestern Passage: geopolitical aspirations and security dilemmas

La reclamación de Canadá por el Northwestern Passage: aspiraciones geopolíticas y dilemas de seguridad

dc.creatorCorrea Merchan, Sofia
dc.date2024-12-30
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-09T13:50:18Z
dc.date.available2025-06-09T13:50:18Z
dc.identifierhttps://esdegrevistas.edu.co/index.php/rpod/article/view/4888
dc.identifier10.25062/2955-0289.4888
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14205/11614
dc.descriptionThis article analyzes the dynamics surrounding the Northwestern Passage in the Arctic, based on two theoretical perspectives: international relations and geopolitics. It assesses the implications of Canada's sovereignty claim according to its legal and geopolitical arguments, as it is an issue that transcends the economic and affects its territorial integrity and regional power. It also addresses the reactions of the Arctic States and the Arctic Council to these Canadian aspirations, in order to understand the dynamics of regional cooperation and the growing security dilemmas for countries with interests in this region, given the increase in economic and shipping activities due to the progressive melting of the Arctic ice.en-US
dc.descriptionEste artículo analiza las dinámicas en torno al Northwestern Passage en el Ártico, con base en dos perspectivas teóricas: las relaciones internacionales y la geopolítica. Se evalúan las implicaciones de la reclamación de soberanía de Canadá de acuerdo con sus argumentos legales y geopolíticos, ya que es un asunto que trasciende lo económico y afecta su integridad territorial y su poder regional. Asimismo, se abordan las reacciones de los Estados Árticos y del Consejo Ártico a estas aspiraciones de Canadá, para comprender la dinámica de la cooperación regional y los dilemas de seguridad crecientes para los países con intereses en esta región, dado el aumento de las actividades económicas y de transporte marítimo por el progresivo deshielo del Ártico.es-ES
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherSello Editorial ESDEGes-ES
dc.relationhttps://esdegrevistas.edu.co/index.php/rpod/article/view/4888/5362
dc.relation/*ref*/Arctic Council. (2021, 13 de abril). Report on shipping in the Northwest Passage launched. https://tinyurl.com/26cjzzor
dc.relation/*ref*/Mahan, A. T. (1890). The influence of sea power upon history: 1660-1783.
dc.relation/*ref*/Álvarez, C., Ramírez, Y., & Castaño, G. (2015). Geografía, Estado y gran estrategia: Una relación indisoluble. En C. Álvarez Calderón & A. E. Fernández Osorio (Eds.), Hacia una gran estrategia en Colombia: construcción de política pública en seguridad y defensa (vol. 1, pp. 81-148). Sello Editorial ESDEG. https://doi.org/10.21830/9789585692862.02
dc.relation/*ref*/Byers, M., & Lalonde, S. (2006). Who controls the Northwest Passage? Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 42.
dc.relation/*ref*/Bourne, C. B. (1987). The Canadian Yearbook of International Law (vol. 25, p. 406).
dc.relation/*ref*/Canadian Geographic. (2018, 7 de junio). Inuit—Climate change. https://tinyurl.com/yjzt5qyg
dc.relation/*ref*/Clark, J. (1985, 10 de septiembre). Statement on sovereignty. En F. Griffiths (Ed.), Politics of the Northwest Passage (p. 271).
dc.relation/*ref*/CNBC. (2022). Why the U.S. is falling behind in Arctic shipping [video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGTdxR3HAh8
dc.relation/*ref*/De Inza, B. P., & Sánchez, I. G. (2013). Geopolítica del deshielo en el Ártico. Política Exterior, 27(154), 88-96. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43594850
dc.relation/*ref*/De Visscher, C. (1957). Theory and realities in public international law.
dc.relation/*ref*/Department of National Defence. (2024). Our North, strong and free: A renewed vision for Canada’s defence. https://tinyurl.com/24v28yo2
dc.relation/*ref*/Discovering the Arctic. (2018, 22 de septiembre). The Northwest Passage – the Arctic Grail. https://tinyurl.com/2c5nqdpk
dc.relation/*ref*/Edmonds, M. (2019). United States Arctic policy and the Northwest Passage. https://www.cfc.forces.gc.ca/259/290/308/192/edmonds.pdf
dc.relation/*ref*/Environment & Society Portal. (2024, 4 de febrero). The Northwest Passage as a question of sovereignty. https://tinyurl.com/yb2wqua7
dc.relation/*ref*/Estrada, G. (2020). Cambio climático y aproximación de las potencias al Ártico. Boletín IEEE, 17, 650-677.
dc.relation/*ref*/Government of Canada. (2019, 1.º de marzo). Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America on Arctic cooperation. Government of Canada. https://www.treaty-accord.gc.ca/text-texte.aspx?id=101701
dc.relation/*ref*/Government of Canada. (2022, 22 de septiembre). Arctic and Northern Policy Framework. https://tinyurl.com/y2jhlnjw
dc.relation/*ref*/Government of Canada. (2024, 20 de febrero). Inuit. https://tinyurl.com/yaf3fwct
dc.relation/*ref*/Haas, C., & Howell, S. E. L. (2015). Ice thickness in the Northwest Passage. Geophysical Research Letters, 42, 7673-7680. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065704
dc.relation/*ref*/Inuit Circumpolar Council Canada. (2022, 25 de enero). ICC’s political universe. https://tinyurl.com/29bwbl7y
dc.relation/*ref*/Falkingham, J. C. (2000, septiembre). Sea ice in the Canadian Arctic in the 21st century. https://www.taiga.net/nce/seaice.htm
dc.relation/*ref*/Mackinder, H. J. (2011). El pivote geográfico de la historia. Geopolítica(s). Revista de Estudios sobre Espacio y Poder, 1(2), 301-319. https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/GEOP/article/view/36331
dc.relation/*ref*/Ministry of Justice. (1985). Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act. https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/ACTS/A-12/section-2-20190807.html
dc.relation/*ref*/Morrison, W. R. (2006). Canadian Arctic sovereignty. The Canadian Encyclopedia. https://tinyurl.com/y5n5bdox
dc.relation/*ref*/NASA Earth Observatory. (2021, agosto). Ice persists in the Northwest Passage. https://tinyurl.com/22cd8j6x
dc.relation/*ref*/National Post. (2015, 25 de enero). Northwest Passage crossed by first cargo ship, the Nordic Orion, heralding new era of Arctic commercial activity. https://tinyurl.com/y8exv6x5
dc.relation/*ref*/Newman, S. (2013, 27 de septiembre). Freighter makes first-of-its-kind transit of Northwest Passage. NPR. https://tinyurl.com/23t4osbp
dc.relation/*ref*/Organización de Naciones Unidas (ONU). (1982, 10 de diciembre). Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar. Montego Bay.
dc.relation/*ref*/Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment (PAME). (2019). Shipping in the Northwest Passage: Comparing 2013 with 2019. https://tinyurl.com/22dlna5z
dc.relation/*ref*/Pharand, D. (2007). The Arctic waters and the Northwest Passage: A final revisit. Ocean Development & International Law, 38(1-2), 3-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00908320601071314
dc.relation/*ref*/Sanjuán, P. A., & Marino, E. (2024). Los recursos minerales y energéticos en el Ártico: Una nueva frontera a explorar (Cuadernos de Estrategia 218). Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos. https://doi.org/10.21028/pas.2024.02.05
dc.relation/*ref*/Statistics Canada. (2012, 24 de diciembre). Canada Year Book, 2012 - Geography. https://tinyurl.com/2mwdqbga
dc.relation/*ref*/Schweller, R. (2010). The logic and illogic of the security dilemma and contemporary realism: A response to Wagner’s critique. International Theory, 2(2), 288-305. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971910000096
dc.relation/*ref*/The European External Action Service. (2021). El Ártico, una región clave para la UE y la seguridad mundial. https://tinyurl.com/22mmtlbh
dc.relation/*ref*/US Department of State. (s.f.). [Número de archivo P86 0019-8641]. Office of Ocean Affairs.
dc.relation/*ref*/Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of international politics. McGraw-Hill.
dc.relation/*ref*/Waltz, K. N. (2000). Structural realism after the Cold War. International Security, 25(1), 5-41. https://tinyurl.com/yc36526n
dc.relation/*ref*/Washington Post. (2021, 27 de octubre). A luxury cruise ship sets sail for the Arctic, thanks to climate change. https://tinyurl.com/gwrnlos
dc.relation/*ref*/Arctic Council. (2021, 13 de abril). Report on shipping in the Northwest Passage launched. https://tinyurl.com/26cjzzor
dc.relation/*ref*/Mahan, A. T. (1890). The influence of sea power upon history: 1660-1783.
dc.relation/*ref*/Álvarez, C., Ramírez, Y., & Castaño, G. (2015). Geografía, Estado y gran estrategia: Una relación indisoluble. En C. Álvarez Calderón & A. E. Fernández Osorio (Eds.), Hacia una gran estrategia en Colombia: construcción de política pública en seguridad y defensa (vol. 1, pp. 81-148). Sello Editorial ESDEG. https://doi.org/10.21830/9789585692862.02
dc.relation/*ref*/Byers, M., & Lalonde, S. (2006). Who controls the Northwest Passage? Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 42.
dc.relation/*ref*/Bourne, C. B. (1987). The Canadian Yearbook of International Law (vol. 25, p. 406).
dc.relation/*ref*/Canadian Geographic. (2018, 7 de junio). Inuit—Climate change. https://tinyurl.com/yjzt5qyg
dc.relation/*ref*/Clark, J. (1985, 10 de septiembre). Statement on sovereignty. En F. Griffiths (Ed.), Politics of the Northwest Passage (p. 271).
dc.relation/*ref*/CNBC. (2022). Why the U.S. is falling behind in Arctic shipping [video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGTdxR3HAh8
dc.relation/*ref*/De Inza, B. P., & Sánchez, I. G. (2013). Geopolítica del deshielo en el Ártico. Política Exterior, 27(154), 88-96. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43594850
dc.relation/*ref*/De Visscher, C. (1957). Theory and realities in public international law.
dc.relation/*ref*/Department of National Defence. (2024). Our North, strong and free: A renewed vision for Canada’s defence. https://tinyurl.com/24v28yo2
dc.relation/*ref*/Discovering the Arctic. (2018, 22 de septiembre). The Northwest Passage – the Arctic Grail. https://tinyurl.com/2c5nqdpk
dc.relation/*ref*/Edmonds, M. (2019). United States Arctic policy and the Northwest Passage. https://www.cfc.forces.gc.ca/259/290/308/192/edmonds.pdf
dc.relation/*ref*/Environment & Society Portal. (2024, 4 de febrero). The Northwest Passage as a question of sovereignty. https://tinyurl.com/yb2wqua7
dc.relation/*ref*/Estrada, G. (2020). Cambio climático y aproximación de las potencias al Ártico. Boletín IEEE, 17, 650-677.
dc.relation/*ref*/Government of Canada. (2019, 1.º de marzo). Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America on Arctic cooperation. Government of Canada. https://www.treaty-accord.gc.ca/text-texte.aspx?id=101701
dc.relation/*ref*/Government of Canada. (2022, 22 de septiembre). Arctic and Northern Policy Framework. https://tinyurl.com/y2jhlnjw
dc.relation/*ref*/Government of Canada. (2024, 20 de febrero). Inuit. https://tinyurl.com/yaf3fwct
dc.relation/*ref*/Haas, C., & Howell, S. E. L. (2015). Ice thickness in the Northwest Passage. Geophysical Research Letters, 42, 7673-7680. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065704
dc.relation/*ref*/Inuit Circumpolar Council Canada. (2022, 25 de enero). ICC’s political universe. https://tinyurl.com/29bwbl7y
dc.relation/*ref*/Falkingham, J. C. (2000, septiembre). Sea ice in the Canadian Arctic in the 21st century. https://www.taiga.net/nce/seaice.htm
dc.relation/*ref*/Mackinder, H. J. (2011). El pivote geográfico de la historia. Geopolítica(s). Revista de Estudios sobre Espacio y Poder, 1(2), 301-319. https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/GEOP/article/view/36331
dc.relation/*ref*/Ministry of Justice. (1985). Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act. https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/ACTS/A-12/section-2-20190807.html
dc.relation/*ref*/Morrison, W. R. (2006). Canadian Arctic sovereignty. The Canadian Encyclopedia. https://tinyurl.com/y5n5bdox
dc.relation/*ref*/NASA Earth Observatory. (2021, agosto). Ice persists in the Northwest Passage. https://tinyurl.com/22cd8j6x
dc.relation/*ref*/National Post. (2015, 25 de enero). Northwest Passage crossed by first cargo ship, the Nordic Orion, heralding new era of Arctic commercial activity. https://tinyurl.com/y8exv6x5
dc.relation/*ref*/Newman, S. (2013, 27 de septiembre). Freighter makes first-of-its-kind transit of Northwest Passage. NPR. https://tinyurl.com/23t4osbp
dc.relation/*ref*/Organización de Naciones Unidas (ONU). (1982, 10 de diciembre). Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar. Montego Bay.
dc.relation/*ref*/Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment (PAME). (2019). Shipping in the Northwest Passage: Comparing 2013 with 2019. https://tinyurl.com/22dlna5z
dc.relation/*ref*/Pharand, D. (2007). The Arctic waters and the Northwest Passage: A final revisit. Ocean Development & International Law, 38(1-2), 3-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00908320601071314
dc.relation/*ref*/Sanjuán, P. A., & Marino, E. (2024). Los recursos minerales y energéticos en el Ártico: Una nueva frontera a explorar (Cuadernos de Estrategia 218). Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos. https://doi.org/10.21028/pas.2024.02.05
dc.relation/*ref*/Statistics Canada. (2012, 24 de diciembre). Canada Year Book, 2012 - Geography. https://tinyurl.com/2mwdqbga
dc.relation/*ref*/Schweller, R. (2010). The logic and illogic of the security dilemma and contemporary realism: A response to Wagner’s critique. International Theory, 2(2), 288-305. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971910000096
dc.relation/*ref*/The European External Action Service. (2021). El Ártico, una región clave para la UE y la seguridad mundial. https://tinyurl.com/22mmtlbh
dc.relation/*ref*/US Department of State. (s.f.). [Número de archivo P86 0019-8641]. Office of Ocean Affairs.
dc.relation/*ref*/Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of international politics. McGraw-Hill.
dc.relation/*ref*/Waltz, K. N. (2000). Structural realism after the Cold War. International Security, 25(1), 5-41. https://tinyurl.com/yc36526n
dc.relation/*ref*/Washington Post. (2021, 27 de octubre). A luxury cruise ship sets sail for the Arctic, thanks to climate change. https://tinyurl.com/gwrnlos
dc.rightsDerechos de autor 2024 Revista Estrategia, Poder y Desarrolloes-ES
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0es-ES
dc.sourceEstrategia, Poder y Desarrollo; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2024): Geopolitics, strategy and global cooperation; 185-204en-US
dc.sourceRevista Estrategia, Poder y Desarrollo; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2024): Geopolítica, estrategia y cooperación global; 185-204es-ES
dc.source2981-4863
dc.source2955-0289
dc.subjectÁrticoes-ES
dc.subjectgeopolíticaes-ES
dc.subjectseguridad internacionales-ES
dc.subjectseguridad marítimaes-ES
dc.subjectArcticen-US
dc.subjectgeopoliticsen-US
dc.subjectinternational securityen-US
dc.subjectmarine safetyen-US
dc.titleCanada’s claim to the Northwestern Passage: geopolitical aspirations and security dilemmasen-US
dc.titleLa reclamación de Canadá por el Northwestern Passage: aspiraciones geopolíticas y dilemas de seguridades-ES
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion


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